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关键词：中国 中国 研究 化学 对虾
刘晓云1 张志峰２ 马洪明３
(青岛海洋大学１测试中心，２生命学院，３水产学院，青岛，266003)
摘 要 运用电镜酶细胞化学技术，对中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)的血细胞和血清中的酚氧化酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化物酶的酶活性部位进行标记。实验结果显示：酚氧化酶主要以酶原形式存在于大颗粒细胞的颗粒体中，酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶以酶原形式存在于小颗粒细胞的颗粒体中。健康虾和患病虾血细胞中酶活性的表现形式不尽相同，在病理情况下，颗粒细胞能以细胞解体的方式，排出细胞内的颗粒，转化成有活性的酶，以此提高血淋巴中这几种酶的活性。透明细胞可以吞噬排放颗粒后的颗粒细胞，透明细胞中由高尔基体合成的酸性磷酸酶等溶酶体酶主要用于透明细胞的细胞内消化作用。研究认为：3种血细胞因含有不同的免疫酶以及酶的作用方式不同而具有不同的免疫功能。
关键词 中国对虾；血细胞；酚氧化酶；酸性磷酸酶；碱性磷酸酶；过氧化物酶
中图法分类号 Q26;S912 文章编号 1001-1862(2002)02-259-07
Study on Enzyme Cyto-Chemistry of BLeedCells in Penaeus chinensis
Liu Xiaoyun1 Zhang Zhifeng2 Ma Hongming3
(1 Test Center; 2 College of Marine Life Sciences;3 Fishery College, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract Acid Phosphatase,Alkaline Phosphatase,Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase are known as antiinfection related enzymes in Penaeus Chinesis. Thecytochemistry of these enzymes in the hemocytes and serum of both healthy and infected shrimp was studied. The PO, which was always in the form of enzyme precursor, was found only in the granules of the big granulocytes. The ACP and ALP, also in the forms of enzyme precursor, were found in the granules of small granular cells. The enzyme activity in the hemocytes of infected shrimp was remarkably different from the healthy ones. In the infected shrimp, it could also be observed that granules were expelled from hemocyte in a process of cytolysis. The enzymes were thus activated. Hyalinocytes can phagocytize the granulocytes which have expelled their granules. In hyalinocytes, ACP was found synthesized in Golgi apparatus and was involved in the endocellular digestion process. The results show that different types of hemocytes contain different kinds of enzymes,so they may have different functions in anti-infection process.
Key words Penaeus chinensis;blood cell; phenoloxidase; acid phosphatase; Alkaline phosphatase; peroxidase
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